Baruch Spinoza

as all people contain a fragment of God

Spinoza would reject the idea that people “contain a fragment of God” because it implies God is divisible, which contradicts his view of God as an infinite, indivisible substance (Deus sive Natura—“God or Nature”). Instead, he would argue that all things, including people, are modes or expressions of God’s essence in finite ways. Rather than containing a piece of God, we exist within God as manifestations of divine substance, each expressing its nature according to necessity.

identity

Spinoza did not maintain a sense of Jewish identity; he argued that without adherence to Jewish law, the Jewish people lacked a sustaining source of difference and identity, rendering the notion of a secular Jew incoherent.

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Wikidata

https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35802

Wikimedia

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Benedictus_de_Spinoza

Wikipedia

Baruch Spinoza (Wikipedia) Baruch (de) Spinoza (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677), also known under his Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza, was a philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish origin. A forerunner of the Age of Enlightenment, Spinoza significantly influenced modern biblical criticism, 17th-century rationalism, and Dutch intellectual culture, establishing himself as one of the most important and radical philosophers of the early modern period. Influenced by Stoicism, Thomas Hobbes, René Descartes, Ibn Tufayl, and heterodox Christians, Spinoza was a leading philosopher of the Dutch Golden Age.

Wikiquote

https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza

wikisource

https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Benedictus_de_Spinoza

work

Tractatus Theologico-Politicus