- A phonograph, later called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name in the UK since 1910), and since the 1940s a record player, or more recently a turntable, is a device for the mechanical and analogue reproduction of recorded sound. The sound vibration waveforms are recorded as corresponding physical deviations of a helical or spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of a rotating cylinder or disc, called a “record”. To recreate the sound, the surface is similarly rotated while a playback stylus (or “needle”) traces the groove and is therefore vibrated by it, faintly reproducing the recorded sound. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm that produced sound waves coupled to the open air through a flaring horn, or directly to the listener’s ears through stethoscope-type earphones.
- The History of Windows 2.0 (abortretry.fail)
After the release of Windows 1.0 on the 20th of November in 1985, Tandy Trower had precious little time to come up with a sequel. He had roughly 18 months to be slightly more precise. His first tasks were those features he’d wanted for Windows 1.0 but had little time to work on. Overlapping windows, a proportional system font, and more general UI improvements were all goals, and these were quickly achieved. Just looking at the Control Panel, these are immediately visible.