commonly encountered with
- Mathematical induction (Wikipedia)
Mathematical induction is a method for proving that a statement P(n) is true for every natural number n, that is, that the infinitely many cases P(0), P(1), P(2), P(3),… all hold. This is done by first proving a simple case, then also showing that if we assume the claim is true for a given case, then the next case is also true.
- In mathematics, summation is the addition of a sequence of numbers, called addends or summands; the result is their sum or total. Beside numbers, other types of values can be summed as well: functions, vectors, matrices, polynomials and, in general, elements of any type of mathematical objects on which an operation denoted “+” is defined.