breaking of ice chunks of
- Winston Churchill (Wikipedia)
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and again from 1951 to 1955. Apart from two years between 1922 and 1924, he was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1900 to 1964 and represented a total of five constituencies. Ideologically an economic liberal and imperialist, he was for most of his career a member of the Conservative Party, which he led from 1940 to 1955. He was a member of the Liberal Party from 1904 to 1924.
- Large calving events of the PG [Petermann Glacier] floating ice tongue in 2010 and 2012 (Johannessen et al., 2013; Rückamp et al., 2019) were associated with a 10 % acceleration of the glacier (Rückamp et al., 2019).
- Interestingly, the 2010 calving event occurred at the end of a 4-year period with no or little landfast ice in Nares Strait, which was associated with earlier breakup of landfast ice (Fig. 2).
- The smaller calving event in 2012, on the other hand, followed the re-establishment of extensive landfast ice in Nares Strait in 2011 (Fig. 2).
- Although the calving events have attracted considerable attention, submarine melting of the ice tongue accounts for 80 % of the mass loss at PG [Petermann Glacier], making it particularly sensitive to ice–ocean interactions (Cai et al., 2017; Münchow et al., 2014; Rignot and Steffen, 2008; Rückamp et al., 2019).
- Ice calving (Wikipedia)
Ice calving, also known as glacier calving or iceberg calving, is the breaking of ice chunks from the edge of a glacier. It is a form of ice ablation or ice disruption. It is the sudden release and breaking away of a mass of ice from a glacier, iceberg, ice front, ice shelf, or crevasse. The ice that breaks away can be classified as an iceberg, but may also be a growler, bergy bit, or a crevasse wall breakaway.